The Aldosterone LC/MS test is a critical diagnostic tool commonly used to investigate and confirm conditions characterized by abnormal aldosterone levels, primarily focusing on:

• Primary Aldosteronism: This is the most frequent cause of secondary hypertension. It's a condition where the adrenal glands produce too much aldosterone, independently of the renin-angiotensin system. Diagnosing primary aldosteronism is crucial because it often leads to resistant hypertension and can cause significant cardiovascular and renal damage if left untreated. The test helps identify if the overproduction is due to a benign adrenal tumor (adenoma, known as Conn's Syndrome) or bilateral adrenal hyperplasia.
• Resistant Hypertension: For individuals whose high blood pressure is difficult to control with multiple antihypertensive medications, an aldosterone test helps determine if an underlying hormonal imbalance, such as primary aldosteronism, is the root cause. Identifying this can significantly change treatment strategies.
• Unexplained Hypokalemia (Low Potassium): Aldosterone plays a key role in potassium excretion. Persistently low potassium levels, especially without a clear cause, can be a strong indicator of excess aldosterone and warrants investigation with this test.
• Evaluation of Adrenal Gland Disorders: As part of a broader diagnostic workup for adrenal abnormalities, including suspected adrenal tumors or hyperplasia, the Aldosterone LC/MS test provides direct insight into the functional status of the adrenal cortex.
• Differentiating Causes of Hypertension: While often performed in conjunction with a Renin Activity test (to calculate the Aldosterone-to-Renin Ratio, or ARR), the aldosterone measurement itself is fundamental in differentiating between various forms of hypertension, guiding clinicians toward specific therapeutic approaches.